Which form of social cohesion arises from members performing very similar roles and sharing the same values?

• A. Organic Solidarity
• B. Communal solidarity
• C. Associational solidarity
• D. Mechanical solidarity

Answer: (D)

In Durkheim’s view, social cohesion that comes from very similar roles and shared values is built on a strong, shared consciousness. When people perform the same kinds of tasks and hold the same beliefs, there’s little differentiation in what they do or what they consider right. This sameness creates a tight knit society because norms and expectations are widely shared, and social order is reinforced through a common moral code. Deviance is rare and often met with collective reproach, further tightening the bond among members.

In contrast, cohesion that rests on different roles—the interdependence of specialized tasks—produces solidarity through reliance on one another, not through similarity of functions. Other forms of solidarity emphasize communal life or voluntary associations as sources of unity, rather than sameness of work and values.