Which term describes solidarity with little division of labor and a family-centered, personal, long-lasting network?

• A. Mechanical solidarity
• B. Organic Solidarity
• C. Communal solidarity
• D. Associational solidarity

Answer: (C)

This type of solidarity describes social cohesion built from close, everyday ties within a small community where family and neighbors know each other well and stay connected over time. When bonds are personal and long-lasting, people rely on shared norms, mutual aid, and a sense of belonging that comes from living in the same intimate circle. The little division of labor means roles aren’t highly specialized, so the network remains rooted in personal relationships and familial involvement. That enduring, family-centered, face-to-face network is what characterizes this kind of solidarity, more so than formal associations or impersonal, role-based interdependence.