Which term is the tendency to evaluate other cultures in terms of one's own and to consider one's own as superior?

• A. Cultural Diversity
• B. Xenocentrism
• C. Cultural Relativism
• D. Ethnocentrism

Answer: (D)

Ethnocentrism is the tendency to evaluate other cultures in terms of one's own and to consider one's own culture as superior. This mindset uses familiar norms as the standard and judges different practices as inferior or wrong, which can lead to prejudice and miscommunication because it blocks a fair understanding of cultural beliefs and behaviors. By contrast, cultural relativism seeks to understand beliefs and practices within their own cultural context rather than through the lens of one’s own culture. Xenocentrism would involve a preference for foreign cultures rather than a sense of superiority of one’s own, and cultural diversity simply describes the presence of many cultures in a society without implying any judgment.